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Page 4 of 7
Feiffer's satiric sensibilities were
in place from the get-go, and while
his technique evolved over time, his
command of both the medium itself
(both visually and verbally) and his
satirical focus become sharper and
more assured at an astonishing velocity.
(For example, his first strip about
gender relations appears on January 2, 1957, about a sad sack verbally abused by a shrill, unattractive woman;
his second strip on the same subject a month later has considerably more
finesse and bite, and makes a more devastating and cogent comment on
male egoism.) He had between six and 12 panels to explicate a political
point, delineate characters, and dramatize a dialogue (or a monologue).
At the beginning, he "was floundering for a drawing style and if
you look at the work it was basically a borrowed UPA style." Feiffer had
worked for United Productions of America, an animation studio that
introduced a distinctive, slightly jazzy visual slant to animation and produced
such features as Tom Terrific, Mr. Magoo, and Gerald McBoing Boing,
the last of which is the most relevant influence on Feiffer's initial style.
But Feiffer was a comics aficionado too and the pen and ink technique
of the earliest strips in this book looks as if it was also influenced by
the William Steig of The Lonely Ones and the French cartoonist André
François. The inking was initially scratchy and the drawing angular, but
in just three months, with the January 23, 1957 strip, the graphic style
changed abruptly: the inking is looser and more fluid, the forms become
more rounded, the line takes on a spontaneous quality. Feiffer attributes
this to finally finding an inking tool that gave him the kind of line he
wanted: wooden dowel sticks. Wooden dowel sticks? Yes, the strip's look
might have evolved differently if Feiffer had been a vegetarian: "I guess
what happened was I bought a steak and it was in the steak and I said,
'This is interesting. It's got a point. Sharpened like a pencil. Let's put it
in some ink and see what happens.' And I loved what happened, so that
became my medium. It gave a line for the first time that I liked, strong,
dry and brush-like. I didn't like using a brush. It gave my work too conventional
a look, and I lacked control. The line I got from the wooden
sticks was more artful and eccentric. It gave weight to my drawing, which
it ordinarily lacked. That's how I drew for a long, long time. I used sticks
for years, but it became increasingly tedious. I finally got fed up with
the eccentricity, which drew me to them in the first place. I reverted
back to pen and ink." (Feiffer's unsure if he stopped using his wooden
dowels before the last strip in this volume [December 26, 1966], but if I
had to guess, I'd choose the October 20, 1966 strip as the one where he
switched over to a pen.)
 Bavarians by Andre François
Feiffer was always more confident in the writing than the drawing.
"I was very critical of my art in those early years. The writing I thought
I had control of and I was pleased with, but I was never satisfied with
the drawing." Although the drawing has since become iconic, an easily
recognizable trademark of Feiffer's oeuvre — the drawing is essential,
of course, but one can imagine a different stylistic approach— it's the
writing that distinguishes the strip and makes it a unique landmark in
the history of cartooning. No other comic strip had tackled such a wide
array of adult concerns straightforwardly and confrontationally as Feiffer
did week in and week out. It's generally more text heavy than any strip
that preceded it, though the amount of text never seems to throw the strip off balance — due, in no small part, to the unique — and uniquely
appropriate — equilibrium Feiffer achieved between the highly charged
text and the subtle, gestural drawing. About this, Feiffer said, "I thought
[the visuals] were stylistically subordinate; words and pictures are what
a comic strip is all about, so you can't say what's more important or less.
They work together. I wanted the focus on the language, and on where
I was taking the reader in six or eight panels through this deceptive,
inverse logic that I was using. The drawing had to be minimalist. If I
used angle shots and complicated artwork, it would deflect the reader. I
didn't want the drawings to be noticed at all. I worked hard making sure
that they wouldn't be noticed."
Feiffer nailed the visual approach to the strip in three months or so,
but the writing kept getting more sophisticated over the first several
years as Feiffer honed the timing and rhythms of the panel to panel continuity.
And as he became more assured, the dialogue and speeches and
monologues became longer and more complex, the tempo picked up, the
language became richer and more potent, and a wider array of voices
proliferated — urban professionals, of course, but middle-aged mothers
and housewives, bigots and reactionaries and good ol' boys, kids, military
personnel, not to mention dead-on parodies of Ike, Nixon, JFK,
LBJ, Jack Paar, and other public figures — all of which in turn gave the
strip a genuinely, singularly theatrical flavor.
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